VinCanary

The Canary Index · Three-row SUVs · 2016–2023

63 year-models. Six safe bets. Six dead canaries.

Nine family haulers, and the fault line runs straight through the engine bay — the Korean cars carry the segment's most expensive risk, with the 2020 Telluride and Palisade drawing engine clusters that dealers quote at $9,000 and $12,000 and nothing free standing behind either, and the 2016–2017 Sorentos spinning bearings before them; the American and Japanese cars carry coolant and gearboxes instead — the Explorer's internal water pump weeping into the oil, the Traverse's nine-speed shudder that ends in a replacement, the cracked cylinder heads on the early CX-9, the Pilot's engine recall, and two fire-risk brake recalls on the 2017 Pathfinder; the quiet money is late and settled almost everywhere here — a 2021–2023 Traverse, a 2022 Pilot, a 2022 Highlander, a 2023 Telluride, and the 2020 Pathfinder, the only one in the group with no recalls at all.

9 models · 63 full year-reports · 23,692 federal complaints analyzed · ranked by Canary Status, ordered by complaints per 100k sold

How this ranking works

Canary Status sets the tier. A human-read verdict weighing severity, cost, and coverage — a $4,500 engine outranks a hundred rattle complaints.

The complaint rate orders each tier. Complaints per 100,000 sold — a rate, not a raw count, so big sellers aren’t punished for selling.

Engine-specific trouble gets flagged, not hidden. When one engine drives a year’s noise, the row says so — the VIN tells you which engine yours has.

Calm6 yearsThe safe bets — buy with a normal used-car inspection.
Mazda
2022 CX-9

One of the two quietest years — the engine drama recedes and the file goes small and diffuse.

26
complaints / 100k sold
9 complaints · 0 recalls*
Full report →
Ford
2023 Explorer

The cleanest Explorer in this run — no expensive out-of-warranty pattern, just recalls and a free 2.3L block program to verify.

Engine flag: this is 2.3L EcoBoost I4 trouble — the 3.5L Ti-VCT V6, 3.5L EcoBoost V6, 2.7L EcoBoost V6, and 3.0L EcoBoost V6 don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

54
complaints / 100k sold
100 complaints · 14 recalls
Full report →
Mazda
2023 CX-9

The quiet final year — the engine drama is behind it, and the file is small and scattered.

69
complaints / 100k sold
12 complaints · 0 recalls*
Full report →
Honda
2022 Pilot

The quietest Pilot we track — the settled final year of the third generation.

130
complaints / 100k sold
129 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Toyota
2023 Highlander

The fewest complaints of any year here — a new turbo engine that's holding up, once the launch software is done.

rate pending
170 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Toyota
2022 Highlander

The quietest V6 gen-four year — the settled one, if the eight-speed drives clean.

rate pending
222 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Chirping21 yearsThe homework years — buyable, each with one specific check.
Chevrolet
2023 Traverse

The lowest complaint total in the run at 84, and the last year before the 2024 redesign. Both recalls are powertrain, both can drop the car out of gear or let it roll away in park, and both have free fixes that were available years ago.

68
complaints / 100k sold
84 complaints · 2 recalls
Full report →
Mazda
2020 CX-9

The quiet middle year — the last one CSP11 covers, with the engine story shifting from coolant to oil.

69
complaints / 100k sold
19 complaints · 1 recall
Full report →
Chevrolet
2021 Traverse

The year the numbers collapse: 86 complaints against 212 the year before and 452 in 2018. Three recalls, one of which only applies to wheelchair conversions. The nine-speed shudder is still in the file, just much quieter.

74
complaints / 100k sold
86 complaints · 3 recalls
Full report →
Chevrolet
2022 Traverse

92 complaints and a single recall, but a third of the recent file is one thing: a Shift to Park message on a model year GM's thirteen bulletins about it never reached. One owner was quoted $800 with no coverage.

95
complaints / 100k sold
92 complaints · 1 recall
Full report →
Mazda
2021 CX-9

The oil-consumption year — the engine story flips from coolant to oil, and this is the first year CSP11 no longer covers.

99
complaints / 100k sold
34 complaints · 1 recall
Full report →
Honda
2023 Pilot

A clean-sheet redesign with a fresh-launch recall sheet — low complaint volume, but verify every campaign.

102
complaints / 100k sold
113 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Toyota
2018 Highlander

The eight-speed's recovery year — a late-2018 build is the calmer third-gen buy.

106
complaints / 100k sold
259 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Nissan
2020 Pathfinder

The quietest year of this generation and the only one with no recalls at all — but the complaints it does have are timing chains and transmissions.

Engine flag: this is 3.5L V6 + Jatco CVT trouble — the 3.5L V6 + ZF 9-speed doesn’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

107
complaints / 100k sold
52 complaints · 0 recalls*
Full report →
Ford
2022 Explorer

A settling gen-6 year with mostly fuel-and-park recalls — a solid buy once the driveline and EcoBoost recalls are confirmed.

Engine flag: this is 2.7L EcoBoost V6 and 3.0L EcoBoost V6 trouble — the 3.5L Ti-VCT V6, 3.5L EcoBoost V6, and 2.3L EcoBoost I4 don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

116
complaints / 100k sold
241 complaints · 23 recalls
Full report →
Nissan
2023 Pathfinder

The launch-year recall stack is gone and one recall remains — but the rear brakes wear out even earlier than on the 2022, and the cameras fail.

Engine flag: this is 3.5L V6 + ZF 9-speed trouble — the 3.5L V6 + Jatco CVT doesn’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

139
complaints / 100k sold
100 complaints · 1 recall
Full report →
Toyota
2020 Highlander

A redesign year that launched unusually clean — mind the early-build software and the HVAC servo.

145
complaints / 100k sold
307 complaints · 4 recalls
Full report →
Kia
2023 Sorento

The quietest fourth-generation year so far, and the hybrid is the version that still stops in traffic.

Engine flag: this is 1.6L Turbo hybrid trouble — the 2.4L GDI Theta II, 2.0L Turbo GDI Theta II, 3.3L GDI Lambda II V6, 2.5L Theta III GDI, and 2.5L Theta III T-GDI don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

166
complaints / 100k sold
147 complaints · 4 recalls
Full report →
Ford
2019 Explorer

The quiet final year of the fifth generation — the cleanest gen-5 Explorer, if the water pump and recalls check out.

Engine flag: this is 3.5L Ti-VCT V6 trouble — the 3.5L EcoBoost V6, 2.3L EcoBoost I4, 2.7L EcoBoost V6, and 3.0L EcoBoost V6 don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

167
complaints / 100k sold
281 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Kia
2023 Telluride

The quietest Telluride year by some distance — 197 federal complaints against the 2020's 736 — and the engine cluster has all but disappeared.

178
complaints / 100k sold
197 complaints · 6 recalls
Full report →
Ford
2021 Explorer

The second gen-6 year — much calmer than 2020, but the park-rollaway and EcoBoost-engine recalls still need checking.

Engine flag: this is 2.7L EcoBoost V6 and 3.0L EcoBoost V6 trouble — the 3.5L Ti-VCT V6, 3.5L EcoBoost V6, and 2.3L EcoBoost I4 don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

180
complaints / 100k sold
396 complaints · 25 recalls
Full report →
Mazda
2019 CX-9

The head-crack story starts to quiet — still present and still CSP11-covered, with two recalls to clear.

190
complaints / 100k sold
51 complaints · 2 recalls
Full report →
Honda
2018 Pilot

Quieter than its neighbors, and back inside the engine recall — a more buyable third-gen year.

266
complaints / 100k sold
425 complaints · 6 recalls
Full report →
Honda
2021 Pilot

One of the quieter third-gen years — check the brake recall and the idle-stop coverage.

279
complaints / 100k sold
399 complaints · 10 recalls
Full report →
Ford
2018 Explorer

A quieter late-gen-5 year that still carries the water-pump and PTU risk — check the 3.5L before you buy.

Engine flag: this is 3.5L Ti-VCT V6 trouble — the 3.5L EcoBoost V6, 2.3L EcoBoost I4, 2.7L EcoBoost V6, and 3.0L EcoBoost V6 don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

310
complaints / 100k sold
705 complaints · 6 recalls
Full report →
Honda
2020 Pilot

Settling down, but past the engine recall — verify the recalls and the idle-stop coverage.

376
complaints / 100k sold
465 complaints · 11 recalls
Full report →
Toyota
2016 Highlander

A sweet-spot year — the bulletproof six-speed, if you check the engine for oil leaks first.

rate pending
109 complaints · 3 recalls
Full report →
Squawking30 yearsProof-of-repair territory — only buy with the documentation in hand.
Kia
2021 Sorento

A completely new Sorento with five open recalls, including one that can take away drive power and one that can start a fire.

Engine flag: this is 2.5L Theta III T-GDI trouble — the 2.4L GDI Theta II, 2.0L Turbo GDI Theta II, 3.3L GDI Lambda II V6, 2.5L Theta III GDI, and 1.6L Turbo hybrid don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

26
complaints / 100k sold
21 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Nissan
2019 Pathfinder

The first year the CVT settlement no longer reaches — a quieter car on paper, but its transmission was never covered beyond the base warranty.

Engine flag: this is 3.5L V6 + Jatco CVT trouble — the 3.5L V6 + ZF 9-speed doesn’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

113
complaints / 100k sold
74 complaints · 2 recalls
Full report →
Nissan
2018 Pathfinder

Complaints fall by more than half from the 2017, but three recalls and a blank-screen dashboard problem make this a verify-everything year.

113
complaints / 100k sold
76 complaints · 3 recalls
Full report →
Nissan
2016 Pathfinder

The engine cooling fan is the problem nobody warns you about — budget for it, verify the hood-latch recall, and this is a cheap three-row.

Engine flag: this is 3.5L V6 + Jatco CVT trouble — the 3.5L V6 + ZF 9-speed doesn’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

129
complaints / 100k sold
105 complaints · 2 recalls
Full report →
Chevrolet
2020 Traverse

Complaints nearly halve against 2019, but the recall list quadruples to eight, including a cracked frame rail whose remedy is to replace the vehicle. The nine-speed shudder is still here and now it arrives just past the warranty line.

169
complaints / 100k sold
212 complaints · 8 recalls
Full report →
Kia
2020 Sorento

The quietest third-generation year on paper, and the only one with no knock-sensor campaign behind its four-cylinder.

Engine flag: this is 2.4L GDI Theta II trouble — the 2.0L Turbo GDI Theta II, 3.3L GDI Lambda II V6, 2.5L Theta III GDI, 2.5L Theta III T-GDI, and 1.6L Turbo hybrid don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

174
complaints / 100k sold
130 complaints · 1 recall
Full report →
Toyota
2021 Highlander

A strong gen-four year with one loud thread — the same eight-speed whine, at higher mileage.

184
complaints / 100k sold
486 complaints · 4 recalls
Full report →
Toyota
2019 Highlander

The loudest Highlander year in our data — buy the fixed transmission, not the whine.

196
complaints / 100k sold
469 complaints · 3 recalls
Full report →
Nissan
2022 Pathfinder

The CVT is gone and that changes everything — but this is a launch year with five recalls, rear brakes that wear out absurdly early, and a glass roof that breaks.

Engine flag: this is 3.5L V6 + ZF 9-speed trouble — the 3.5L V6 + Jatco CVT doesn’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

230
complaints / 100k sold
133 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Kia
2018 Sorento

The complaint file drops by two thirds against 2017, but the four-cylinder still burns oil with nothing behind it.

Engine flag: this is 2.4L GDI Theta II and 2.0L Turbo GDI Theta II trouble — the 3.3L GDI Lambda II V6, 2.5L Theta III GDI, 2.5L Theta III T-GDI, and 1.6L Turbo hybrid don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

230
complaints / 100k sold
248 complaints · 3 recalls
Full report →
Mazda
2017 CX-9

Same launch-era engine, same cracked-head coolant leak — still warranty-extended, and now the fuel pump has its own coverage too.

236
complaints / 100k sold
61 complaints · 0 recalls*
Full report →
Kia
2022 Sorento

Nine recalls across three versions, and the complaint file is dominated by one gearbox.

Engine flag: this is 2.5L Theta III T-GDI trouble — the 2.4L GDI Theta II, 2.0L Turbo GDI Theta II, 3.3L GDI Lambda II V6, 2.5L Theta III GDI, and 1.6L Turbo hybrid don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

250
complaints / 100k sold
216 complaints · 9 recalls
Full report →
Chevrolet
2019 Traverse

The second year of the nine-speed, and the second loudest in the run at 398 complaints. The same shudder and the same Shift to Park message as 2018, but the failures land later and this is the year GM started handing out free coverage for the exhaust.

271
complaints / 100k sold
398 complaints · 3 recalls
Full report →
Chevrolet
2017 Traverse

The last of the old Traverse, and the loudest first-generation year we have at 359 complaints. Fewer recalls than 2016, but the same two air bag inflator campaigns and a six-speed with a documented shudder that no recall will ever pay to fix.

291
complaints / 100k sold
359 complaints · 3 recalls
Full report →
Kia
2022 Telluride

The year the file stops being about the engine and starts being about glass and screens — with seven recalls, the most of any Telluride year.

305
complaints / 100k sold
305 complaints · 7 recalls
Full report →
Hyundai
2022 Palisade

The quietest Palisade in this range on paper, and the year the radiator and the rear shocks show up.

357
complaints / 100k sold
295 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Kia
2021 Telluride

Less than half the 2020's complaint volume, the same engine story, and a sunroof bill that can reach $6,441.

360
complaints / 100k sold
337 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Hyundai
2023 Palisade

The newest year in this range files more complaints than the 2022 — and almost all of the increase is recalls nobody can fix.

427
complaints / 100k sold
382 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Kia
2019 Sorento

The complaint count jumps back up to 418, and this is the year owners start quoting the knock code by number.

Engine flag: this is 2.4L GDI Theta II trouble — the 2.0L Turbo GDI Theta II, 3.3L GDI Lambda II V6, 2.5L Theta III GDI, 2.5L Theta III T-GDI, and 1.6L Turbo hybrid don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

436
complaints / 100k sold
418 complaints · 2 recalls
Full report →
Mazda
2018 CX-9

The loudest gen-2 year — the cracked-head coolant leak peaks here, and two recalls sit alongside it.

439
complaints / 100k sold
124 complaints · 2 recalls
Full report →
Hyundai
2021 Palisade

Fewer complaints than the 2020, the same engine, and a brake recall the first year never had.

477
complaints / 100k sold
413 complaints · 6 recalls
Full report →
Ford
2020 Explorer

The rear-drive redesign year that launched with 31 recalls — only buy one with the driveline and park-safety recalls documented.

511
complaints / 100k sold
1,155 complaints · 32 recalls
Full report →
Mazda
2016 CX-9

The gen-2 launch year, and one of the loudest — the cracked-cylinder-head coolant leak is the whole story, and it's warranty-extended.

617
complaints / 100k sold
99 complaints · 0 recalls*
Full report →
Honda
2019 Pilot

The transmission-shudder year — engine recall covers it, but the 9-speed is what to test.

636
complaints / 100k sold
858 complaints · 13 recalls
Full report →
Ford
2017 Explorer

The gen-5 engine-and-transmission year — walk if the 3.5L shows coolant in the oil or the transmission slips.

Engine flag: this is 3.5L Ti-VCT V6 trouble — the 3.5L EcoBoost V6, 2.3L EcoBoost I4, 2.7L EcoBoost V6, and 3.0L EcoBoost V6 don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

699
complaints / 100k sold
1,664 complaints · 13 recalls
Full report →
Honda
2017 Pilot

The awkward middle year — same engine and transmission risks, but left out of the engine recall.

706
complaints / 100k sold
898 complaints · 4 recalls
Full report →
Ford
2016 Explorer

A fifth-generation Explorer with an expensive engine-and-driveline to-do list — buyable only with the water-pump, PTU, and recall history in hand.

Engine flag: this is 3.5L Ti-VCT V6 trouble — the 3.5L EcoBoost V6, 2.3L EcoBoost I4, 2.7L EcoBoost V6, and 3.0L EcoBoost V6 don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

1,120
complaints / 100k sold
2,423 complaints · 14 recalls
Full report →
Honda
2016 Pilot

The loudest Pilot year — buyable only with the engine recall confirmed and the transmission road-tested.

1,374
complaints / 100k sold
1,660 complaints · 8 recalls
Full report →
Toyota
2017 Highlander

The one third-gen year to approach carefully — buy it only with the eight-speed's fix documented.

rate pending
260 complaints · 4 recalls
Full report →
Chevrolet
2016 Traverse

The old six-speed Traverse, with the most recalls of any first-generation year and a driver air bag inflator campaign that GM was still mailing letters about at the end of 2025. The engine is durable if it was fed; the timing chain is the bill if it wasn't.

rate pending
291 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Fainted6 yearsThe dead canary — walk away unless the repair is already done and documented.
Nissan
2017 Pathfinder

The loudest Pathfinder year in our whole set — two fire-risk brake recalls stacked on a failing transmission and a failing cooling fan. Skip it.

227
complaints / 100k sold
184 complaints · 2 recalls
Full report →
Chevrolet
2018 Traverse

The loudest year in the whole run at 452 complaints, and the launch of a nine-speed automatic that owners replace, replace again, and are never given a recall for. Only two recalls, and neither one touches the failure that dominates the file.

308
complaints / 100k sold
452 complaints · 2 recalls
Full report →
Hyundai
2020 Palisade

The first year, and the cleanest oil-consumption file in the catalogue — the engine goes quiet, then it goes.

625
complaints / 100k sold
517 complaints · 5 recalls
Full report →
Kia
2017 Sorento

788 federal complaints, and the V6 is the only version with a free engine behind it.

Engine flag: this is 3.3L GDI Lambda II V6 trouble — the 2.4L GDI Theta II, 2.0L Turbo GDI Theta II, 2.5L Theta III GDI, 2.5L Theta III T-GDI, and 1.6L Turbo hybrid don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

790
complaints / 100k sold
788 complaints · 4 recalls
Full report →
Kia
2020 Telluride

The award-sweep first year, and the loudest engine file in the Telluride's history — 736 federal complaints, most of them oil.

980
complaints / 100k sold
736 complaints · 7 recalls
Full report →
Kia
2016 Sorento

1,241 federal complaints and eight recalls. Which engine it has decides whether this is a bargain or a walk-away.

Engine flag: this is 2.4L GDI Theta II and 2.0L Turbo GDI Theta II trouble — the 3.3L GDI Lambda II V6, 2.5L Theta III GDI, 2.5L Theta III T-GDI, and 1.6L Turbo hybrid don’t share it. Which engine is in yours? →

1,082
complaints / 100k sold
1,241 complaints · 8 recalls
Full report →

Rates use published U.S. sales as the denominator — a rate, not a raw count, so best-sellers aren’t punished for selling. It’s imperfect on purpose and we say exactly where (the methodology page): sales aren’t surviving fleet, some makers publish entangled figures, and complaint filing is self-reported. * A “0 recalls*” mark is a verified zero — checked against the federal database and date-stamped, a point in that year’s favor.

“The average three-row SUV is fine. You’re not buying the average — you’re buying one specific year of one specific badge.”
Why the Index ranks year-models, not models

Shortlisting from this board? We’ll watch your years.

New recalls, federal investigations, and quiet warranty programs land months after you buy. Tell the canary which years you’re considering — it sings when something changes.

Watch my years — free