VinCanary

Reliability report · 2020 Hyundai Palisade · Updated July 2026

The first year, and the cleanest oil-consumption file in the catalogue — the engine goes quiet, then it goes.

The 2020 Palisade launched to the kind of reviews that sell a nameplate, and then wrote a complaint file about one thing. Owners measure the loss in quarts per thousand miles — "more than 2+ quarts per 1,000 miles", "3/4 of a quart of oil every 1,000 miles", "6qts in less than 3k miles" — and the sentence that repeats underneath almost every one of them is that no warning light ever came on. A car that quietly runs itself dry between services is a car that fails without notice.

There is real coverage on this vehicle and it is worth knowing precisely, because its edges decide whether you pay $519 or $12,000. Hyundai extended the warranty on the oil filter housing seal to 15 years and 180,000 miles, for original and subsequent owners. That is a leak onto your driveway. It is not the oil going out through the exhaust, and there is no programme in Hyundai's file for that at all.

Five recalls, and two of them — the seat belt buckles and the third-row curtain airbags — were still at interim-letter stage with no final remedy as of the most recent filings. Same vehicle under the skin — see the 2020 Kia Telluride report.

Evidence: 517 NHTSA complaints · 5 recall campaigns · 6 mechanic & forum sources

Canary status

Fainted

What that means: 517 federal complaints, and roughly half the recent sample carries an engine tag. The story is one story: the 3.8-litre V6 burns oil, no low-oil light comes on, and a share of these cars end with a rod bearing or a destroyed piston somewhere between 77,000 and 155,000 miles. One owner was quoted $12,000 for a replacement engine and refused warranty cover. Hyundai will pay for fifteen years to replace the seal that leaks oil out of this engine, and nothing at all for the rings that burn it inside. Two of the five recalls still have no remedy parts. Buy one only with a dipstick in your hand and a full service history in the other.

CalmChirpingSquawkingFainted

517

Federal complaints

5

Recalls

$12,000, one owner

Engine replacement, estimated after a warranty denial

$0 to run

Dealer oil-consumption test

Known issues

Ranked by the cost of ignoring them. Every claim carries its source.

The 3.8-litre V6 burns oil, and there is no warning light before it stops

major

The Palisade uses one engine across every trim and every year in this range: a 3.8-litre direct-injected V6 from Hyundai and Kia's Lambda family, internal code G6DN, shared with the Kia Telluride. Roughly half the recent federal sample for the 2020 carries an engine tag, and the consumption cluster is the largest single thing in either badge's file. Owners quantify it: "The vehicle suffers from a severe manufacturing defect causing excessive engine oil consumption (burning more than 2+ quarts per 1,000 miles) with no warning lights or oil pressure indicator." "My 2020 Hyundai Palisade has an excessive and dangerous oil consumption defect. The vehicle consumes approximately 3/4 of a quart of oil every 1,000 miles." "Engine burning 6qts in less than 3k miles of driving." Then the endings, with mileages: "My properly maintained 2020 Hyundai Palisade suffered catastrophic engine failure at 77,000 miles." "Cylinder 1 and 6 rod bearing failure, plus complete destruction of piston number 6. On highway engine failed, sudden loss of power to move vehicle." "Premature engine fail. Excessive oil consumption due to piston ring failure. Maintenance has been done on car on regular basis. No check engine light." A mechanic who stripped one of these engines on camera — an engine out of a 2020 Palisade with 92,000 miles on it — found the cause: the oil control rings were "totally plugged up", the engine had been "starved of oil", and the rod bearings were wearing through their top shell at under 100,000 miles. He also notes what is missing: "There's no knock sensors or anything." Nothing on this car is listening for the failure on your behalf.

What to check

Pink and cleanServiced. Proceed.

Dark brownDamage underway.

Dealer oil-consumption test

$0 to run

Oil top-ups between services

ongoing, one quart at a time

Engine replacement, estimated after a warranty denial

$12,000, one owner

Sources: NHTSA complaints and recalls, 2020 Hyundai Palisade, plus recalls/campaignNumber for 26V034000 and the 2024 neighbour-year pull (pulled 2026-07-30) · Mechanic teardown of a 3.8L Lambda II V6 from a 2020 Palisade at 92,000 miles, Palisade owner transcripts documenting the dealer oil-consumption procedure, and reporting on the interior-odour investigation including Hyundai's statement

The oil-consumption test, and the arithmetic that makes passing it meaninglessmajor

Report the oil loss and the dealer starts a consumption test: bring the car back every 1,000 miles, four times, and the level is checked and recorded each visit. A Palisade owner filmed his way through it. First visit: "we were told by the dealership to drive it for A Thousand Miles bring it back in and they would check the oil consumption. Well, we did that this morning and it's down about a half a quart, and a thousand miles for a vehicle with 50,000 miles is really not acceptable." By the third check he is at 57,244 miles, being told the test is a waste of his time, and he does the arithmetic out loud with the service advisor: "what's the service interval for Hyundai Palisade — 6,000 miles. How much oil does a Hyundai Palisade have — around six quarts. Okay, so if I go by the interval I'm going to be bringing you a car that's almost bone dry." That is the whole problem in one exchange. If a quart per 1,000 miles is treated as acceptable, and the sump holds about six quarts, and the service interval is 6,000 miles, then a car sitting exactly at the acceptable line arrives at its next oil change empty. He also asked for the threshold in writing and could not get it: "can you provide some sort of documentation that says that Hyundai allows this 1,000 mile quart of oil level? No, I've only heard it on the phone." One federal filer asserts that Hyundai's own bulletin sets the same threshold — that is the owner's characterisation, and no such document appears in this session's sources. Run the test for the paper trail. Do not read a pass as a clean bill of health.

Sources: NHTSA complaints and recalls, 2020 Hyundai Palisade, plus recalls/campaignNumber for 26V034000 and the 2024 neighbour-year pull (pulled 2026-07-30) · Mechanic teardown of a 3.8L Lambda II V6 from a 2020 Palisade at 92,000 miles, Palisade owner transcripts documenting the dealer oil-consumption procedure, and reporting on the interior-odour investigation including Hyundai's statement

$0

Oil-consumption test, four visits

ongoing

Shortened oil service, every 5,000 miles

Hyundai pays for the seal, for fifteen years — and for nothing else on this enginemajor

There is exactly one piece of free engine coverage on this car and its edges are the whole game. Hyundai extended the warranty on the oil filter housing seal, in its own words, because Palisades "may exhibit engine oil leakage at the engine oil filter housing assembly due to deterioration of the housing seal", taking coverage to "15 years / 180,000 miles from the date of original retail delivery or date of first use (whichever occurs first)" and stating it is "valid for original and subsequent owners". The repair procedure is Hyundai's Technical Service Bulletin 26-EM-012H — a TSB is the fix instructions a manufacturer sends its dealers. Hyundai spells out what it overrides, and this is the sentence used-car buyers need: the extension applies "even if the vehicle is still within the New Vehicle Limited Warranty (NVLW) of 5 years / 60,000 miles or Powertrain Warranty of 10 years / 100,000 miles (for the original owner)". Read that parenthesis carefully. The famous ten-year powertrain warranty belongs to the first owner. The oil-filter-housing extension does not — it follows the car. The housing is the plastic assembly the oil filter screws into, and when the seal goes, oil leaves onto the road rather than through the exhaust: "plastic piece to oil housing assembly cracked and had 9 other palisades in for same exact issue. No warning lamps. Cost $519 to replace part." The line to hold: this covers the leak. It does not cover consumption, and it does not cover an engine that has already seized.

Sources: NHTSA complaints and recalls, 2020 Hyundai Palisade, plus recalls/campaignNumber for 26V034000 and the 2024 neighbour-year pull (pulled 2026-07-30) · NHTSA manufacturer communications, Hyundai Palisade (oil filter housing seal extension TSB 26-EM-012H, self-levelling rear shock extension TSB 26-SS-001H, white paint extension, seat belt buckle extension TSB 25-BE-010H, the 2020-2021 headrest odour bulletin, anti-theft campaigns 993/P32/9A5, and the 2020 service campaigns)

$0 if eligible

Oil filter housing seal under the extension

$519, one owner

Same job, billed to the owner

$814, one owner

Related plastic engine part plus diagnosis

Recall 22V633: the tow hitch harness can start a fire, and it says park outsidemajor

Recall 22V633, Hyundai's number 235, covers 2020 to 2022 Palisades "potentially equipped with a tow hitch harness installed as original equipment, or purchased as an accessory through a Hyundai dealership". NHTSA's wording is direct: "Debris and moisture accumulation on the tow hitch harness module printed circuit board (PCB) may cause an electrical short, which can result in a fire." A printed circuit board is the green board inside the module that the trailer wiring plugs into. NHTSA carries a park-outside flag on this campaign, and the remedy text repeats it: "Owners are advised to park outside and away from structures until the recall repair is complete." Dealers install a new fuse and wire extension kit free of charge, and owner letters were mailed 18 May 2023. The trap is the phrase "or purchased as an accessory" — a hitch added at a dealer years after the car was sold is inside this recall, and an owner who never thought of the car as a tow vehicle may never have connected the letter to their own car.

Sources: NHTSA complaints and recalls, 2020 Hyundai Palisade, plus recalls/campaignNumber for 26V034000 and the 2024 neighbour-year pull (pulled 2026-07-30)

$0

Recall 22V633 fuse and wire extension kit

Two recalls with no remedy: the seat belt buckles and the third-row airbagsmajor

These two campaigns cover every Palisade from 2020 to 2025 and, on the most recent federal filings, neither has a final fix. Recall 25V607, Hyundai's number 283, is blunt: "The seat belt buckles in the driver, passenger, and second-row window seats may fail to latch." Hyundai's interim instruction is to "insert the belt firmly into the buckle with a quick and direct motion, pulling on the belt to confirm the seat belt is fully secured, until the recall remedy is performed". Interim letters went out from 23 October 2025; the final remedy was "anticipated June 2026". Recall 26V034, Hyundai's number 292, covers the third row: "The side curtain air bags for third-row occupants may deploy improperly in a crash", which makes these vehicles non-compliant with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 226, "Ejection Mitigation" — the rule that stops occupants being thrown out of a side window in a rollover. Interim letters from 13 March 2026, final remedy "anticipated May 2026". Owners across every year of this car are filing about the same wall: "the parts for the repairs were not available". There is one genuine consolation on the belts, and it is separate from the recall: Hyundai also extended the seat belt buckle warranty to 15 years and 150,000 miles for original and subsequent owners, under bulletin 25-BE-010H, for buckles showing abnormal "insertion, ejection feeling, sound, or potential debris that influences operation". That entitlement survives the recall backlog.

Sources: NHTSA complaints and recalls, 2020 Hyundai Palisade, plus recalls/campaignNumber for 26V034000 and the 2024 neighbour-year pull (pulled 2026-07-30) · NHTSA manufacturer communications, Hyundai Palisade (oil filter housing seal extension TSB 26-EM-012H, self-levelling rear shock extension TSB 26-SS-001H, white paint extension, seat belt buckle extension TSB 25-BE-010H, the 2020-2021 headrest odour bulletin, anti-theft campaigns 993/P32/9A5, and the 2020 service campaigns)

$0 — when parts exist

Recalls 25V607 and 26V034

$0 if eligible

Seat belt buckle under the 15-year extension

Recall 22V627: the wiper motor, and the badge-specific defectmajor

Recall 22V627, Hyundai's number 233, covers 2020 and 2021 Palisades: "The windshield wiper motor may become inoperative, causing the wipers to fail." Dealers replace the driver-side windshield wiper arm free of charge, and letters were mailed 13 December 2022. This is worth flagging for two reasons. First, it was expanded a few months later into recall 23V180, which covers 2021 to 2023 cars and was opened out of a federal Recall Query, NHTSA action RQ22005 — so a 2020 car sits inside the original campaign only. Second, this is a defect the platform twin simply does not have; there is no wiper-motor recall on any Kia Telluride year. If you are cross-shopping the pair, this one is a genuine point of difference rather than a shared inheritance. One owner shows the cost of missing the window: told there was no recall on his car, he paid "$1,126.30" for a harness replacement because the car had 113,000 miles.

Sources: NHTSA complaints and recalls, 2020 Hyundai Palisade, plus recalls/campaignNumber for 26V034000 and the 2024 neighbour-year pull (pulled 2026-07-30)

$0

Recall 22V627 wiper arm replacement

$1,126.30, one owner

Wiper harness billed outside the campaign

The interior smell nobody believes until they open the car in Augustmoderate

This is the Palisade's own story and it has no counterpart on the Telluride. From launch, owners of light-interior Nappa leather cars reported a smell described, with unnerving consistency, as garlic. Reporting at the time: "the odor was expressed as the smell of garlic or rotten product, and the higher the outside temperature it was more severe"; "some vehicles have serious odors when parked in the sun for a long time or when the vehicle has not been used for several days"; "replacing the headrest and floor mat did not solve the problem, and it is known that the odor comes up from the hole where the headrest is mounted on the seat. The other upholstery options are not having this problem." A second outlet quoted a Hyundai spokesperson: "We are aware of the concern and are currently in the midst of the investigation which includes identifying and validating a fix. Once a repair method is confirmed effective, a technical service bulletin will be released to provide directions to our dealer body on how to resolve the concern." That bulletin exists. Hyundai's federal communications file contains three revisions of a service bulletin for the 2020 and 2021 Palisade, described as "the procedure to service certain Palisade (LX2) vehicles that may have odor emitting from the headrest(s)". The summary does not state what the procedure is, so do not accept a description of the fix from anyone who has not read the bulletin itself — but a dealer telling you this is normal off-gassing that will fade is contradicted by Hyundai's own paperwork. Check it on a hot day, with the car closed, before you buy.

Sources: NHTSA manufacturer communications, Hyundai Palisade (oil filter housing seal extension TSB 26-EM-012H, self-levelling rear shock extension TSB 26-SS-001H, white paint extension, seat belt buckle extension TSB 25-BE-010H, the 2020-2021 headrest odour bulletin, anti-theft campaigns 993/P32/9A5, and the 2020 service campaigns) · Mechanic teardown of a 3.8L Lambda II V6 from a 2020 Palisade at 92,000 miles, Palisade owner transcripts documenting the dealer oil-consumption procedure, and reporting on the interior-odour investigation including Hyundai's statement

ask the dealer to quote the 2020-2021 bulletin

Headrest odour bulletin procedure

Recall 19V802: the curtain airbag mounting boltsmoderate

The first-year-only campaign, and the first recall this nameplate ever had. Recall 19V802, Hyundai's number 186, covers 2020 Palisades: "The mounting bolts used to secure the side curtain air bags may damage the side curtain air bags during deployment." The consequence NHTSA states is that damaged curtain airbags "may not inflate properly in the event of a crash". Dealers install a protective cover over the mounting bolts free of charge, and the recall began 20 December 2019. It is old, the remedy is simple, and it should read complete on any car that has seen a dealer — which is exactly why a car where it does not read complete is telling you something about how it has been maintained.

Sources: NHTSA complaints and recalls, 2020 Hyundai Palisade, plus recalls/campaignNumber for 26V034000 and the 2024 neighbour-year pull (pulled 2026-07-30)

$0

Recall 19V802 bolt cover installation

White paint that peels — and the one coverage Kia's twin does not getmoderate

Hyundai extended the paint warranty on white 2020 to 2023 Palisades, and the terms are unusually generous. The bulletin says these cars "may exhibit peeling or bubbling on metal body panels: hood, fender(s), roof, door(s), quarter panel(s), and tailgate/trunk", and that coverage moves "from 3 years and 36,000 miles, to 10 years and unlimited miles from the date of original retail delivery or date of first use", valid "for original and subsequent owners". Unlimited miles, transferable, ten years. Two exclusions matter: it applies only to "factory-applied paint" and "does not cover collision-related paint repairs", and it is void on any car "declared a total loss or sold for salvage" or carrying a branded title. This is one of the places the Palisade beats its platform twin outright — Kia ran no paint campaign for the Telluride at all, despite a white-paint delamination cluster in the Telluride's own federal file. If you are looking at a white Palisade with bubbling above the windscreen or along a door edge, that is a claim, not a negotiation.

Sources: NHTSA manufacturer communications, Hyundai Palisade (oil filter housing seal extension TSB 26-EM-012H, self-levelling rear shock extension TSB 26-SS-001H, white paint extension, seat belt buckle extension TSB 25-BE-010H, the 2020-2021 headrest odour bulletin, anti-theft campaigns 993/P32/9A5, and the 2020 service campaigns)

$0 if eligible

White paint repair under the 10-year extension

The rear self-levelling shocks, and why the twin's owners get five more yearsmoderate

Palisades fitted with self-levelling rear shocks develop "a clunking or thumping noise from the rear of the vehicle while driving over rough roads", in Hyundai's words, "caused by worn self-leveling rear shock absorbers". Hyundai extended coverage on them to "10 years/120,000 miles from the date of original retail delivery or date of first use", valid for original and subsequent owners, under bulletin 26-SS-001H, and adds a detail worth quoting at the counter: "for the first repair, replacement of both rear shock absorbers will be covered by this warranty extension." Both, not one. A separate diagnostic bulletin identifies which cars have them: 2020 and 2021 Palisades "equipped with rear self-leveling shocks (vehicles with factory-equipped 20[-inch] wheels: SEL trim with convenience/premium package; all Limited trim)". So this is a trim-and-wheel question you can answer in the car park before it becomes a repair question. The honest comparison: Kia covers the identical failure on the Telluride for 15 years and 180,000 miles. Hyundai covers it for 10 and 120,000. On a part that Palisade owners in later model years report replacing two, three and four times, that gap is real money.

Sources: NHTSA complaints and recalls, 2020 Hyundai Palisade, plus recalls/campaignNumber for 26V034000 and the 2024 neighbour-year pull (pulled 2026-07-30) · NHTSA manufacturer communications, Hyundai Palisade (oil filter housing seal extension TSB 26-EM-012H, self-levelling rear shock extension TSB 26-SS-001H, white paint extension, seat belt buckle extension TSB 25-BE-010H, the 2020-2021 headrest odour bulletin, anti-theft campaigns 993/P32/9A5, and the 2020 service campaigns)

$0 if eligible

Both rear shocks, first repair under the extension

owner pays

Same repair past 10 years or 120,000 miles

Anti-theft: whether this car qualifies depends on how it startsmoderate

The 2020 and 2021 Palisade appear in Hyundai's anti-theft programmes and in the immobilizer class settlement, and the eligibility test is mechanical rather than editorial. Hyundai launched "an anti-theft software upgrade and window decal campaign (Campaign 993), combined with an anti-theft steering wheel lock campaign (Campaign P32), and anti-theft ignition cylinder protector campaign (Campaign 9A5) in response to an increase in thefts of certain 2011-2022MY Hyundai vehicles not equipped with engine immobilizers targeted through social media", noting that "in November 2021, engine immobilizers became standard on all Hyundai vehicles produced". An engine immobilizer is the chip in the key that stops a car being hot-wired. The settlement paperwork narrows it further: "Class Vehicles manufactured without an engine immobilizer have traditional turn-key-to-start ignition systems." So a push-button Palisade is almost certainly outside all of this, and a turn-key one may be inside it. The hardware is also opt-in — Hyundai's bulletin says the zinc-reinforced ignition cylinder protector "shall be performed and claimed upon customer request only", and "vehicles not equipped with an immobilizer during production at the factory are eligible". Check the VIN rather than assuming either way. Worth knowing: the Kia Telluride has no anti-theft campaign of any kind, so this exposure is Palisade-specific among the twins.

Sources: NHTSA manufacturer communications, Hyundai Palisade (oil filter housing seal extension TSB 26-EM-012H, self-levelling rear shock extension TSB 26-SS-001H, white paint extension, seat belt buckle extension TSB 25-BE-010H, the 2020-2021 headrest odour bulletin, anti-theft campaigns 993/P32/9A5, and the 2020 service campaigns)

$0

Campaign 993 software and decals, if eligible

$0

Ignition cylinder protector, on request, if eligible

First-year software: blind-spot warning, the power tailgate and the radiominor

The 2020 has the usual crop of launch-year bulletins, and they are all cheap or free, which is the point of listing them. Six separate documents cover one fault: Palisades "may intermittently experience the BCW Malfunction Indicator Light ON with a message Check Blind-Spot Collision Warning System displayed on the instrument cluster. When the BCW Malfunction Indicator Light is ON, the BCW function becomes inoperative." BCW is Blind-Spot Collision Warning, the system that lights the door mirror when something is alongside you; the fix is a software update. A separate service campaign covers the power tailgate on 2020 Palisades that "may experience a nonoperational condition", remedied by a "power tailgate spindle wire harness revision". A third covers an "AVN software update to a Palisade exhibiting the following condition: Unresponsive radio after multiple uses of voice recognition to perform navigational searches" — AVN is the Audio/Video/Navigation head unit. And a 2020-only service campaign replaced "the rear sunroof glass on certain 2020MY Palisade equipped with the rear sunroof". None of these is a safety recall, so none will show on a standard VIN recall lookup. Ask a dealer to run service-campaign history separately.

Sources: NHTSA manufacturer communications, Hyundai Palisade (oil filter housing seal extension TSB 26-EM-012H, self-levelling rear shock extension TSB 26-SS-001H, white paint extension, seat belt buckle extension TSB 25-BE-010H, the 2020-2021 headrest odour bulletin, anti-theft campaigns 993/P32/9A5, and the 2020 service campaigns)

$0 if outstanding

First-year software campaigns and the tailgate harness

The eight-speed automatic, and what it actually needsminor

The gearbox behind this V6 is an eight-speed automatic, designated A8LF1 and also known as the A8A36, rated to 266 pound-feet of torque. It is not a significant part of the 2020 federal file, and an independent review of the powertrain is willing to defend it: "this 3.8 L V6 with the 8-speed has proven to be pretty darn reliable. People just don't really have issues with the engine for the most part." What it does have is a documented sensitivity. The same review notes the A8L family is "highly sensitive to even minor overheating" and drops into limp mode quickly under wheelspin or heavy off-road load, which it frames as protection the older six-speed lacked; its most common failure is in the low-reverse brake clutches. The practical instruction is an interval: the owner's manual asks for fluid every 56,000 miles, the review recommends 40,000. There is one diagnostic note worth carrying — the same source warns that shudder or chatter when turning at walking pace is routinely misread as a gearbox fault when it is actually the all-wheel-drive coupler. Get the diagnosis before the quote.

Sources: Mechanic teardown of a 3.8L Lambda II V6 from a 2020 Palisade at 92,000 miles, Palisade owner transcripts documenting the dealer oil-consumption procedure, and reporting on the interior-odour investigation including Hyundai's statement

verify with an independent shop

Transmission fluid service

My properly maintained 2020 Hyundai Palisade suffered catastrophic engine failure at 77,000 miles. Importantly, prior to the engine failure, no check engine lights, low oil warnings, or other warnings appeared.
6 mechanic & owner sources

Shopping this year?

Get the printable pre-purchase checklist and an alert if this year’s recall sheet changes.

Open recalls

Free fixes at any Hyundai dealer. Run the VIN — “completed” isn’t always completed.

  1. 19V8022020 Palisades. The mounting bolts used to secure the side curtain air bags may damage the side curtain air bags during deployment, so they may not inflate properly in a crash. Dealers install a protective cover on the mounting bolts, free. Recall began 20 December 2019. Hyundai's number 186.remedy available
  2. 22V6272020-2021 Palisades. The windshield wiper motor may become inoperative, causing the wipers to fail and reducing visibility. Dealers replace the driver-side windshield wiper arm, free. Letters mailed 13 December 2022. Hyundai's number 233. Expanded for 2021-2023 cars by recall 23V180.remedy available
  3. 22V6332020-2022 Palisades with a tow hitch harness fitted as original equipment or bought as a Hyundai dealer accessory. Debris and moisture on the harness module printed circuit board may cause an electrical short, which can result in a fire. Park outside and away from structures until repaired. Free fuse and wire extension kit. Letters mailed 18 May 2023. Hyundai's number 235.open — park outside until repaired
  4. 25V6072020-2025 Palisades. The seat belt buckles in the driver, passenger and second-row window seats may fail to latch. Until repaired, insert the belt firmly with a quick, direct motion and pull to confirm it is secured. Dealers will replace the buckle assemblies free. Interim letters mailed from 23 October 2025; final remedy anticipated June 2026. Hyundai's number 283.open — interim notice, remedy parts not yet available
  5. 26V0342020-2025 Palisades. The side curtain air bags for third-row occupants may deploy improperly in a crash, failing FMVSS 226 "Ejection Mitigation". Dealers will install a protective film over the rear window and remove padding as necessary, free. Interim letters mailed from 13 March 2026; final remedy anticipated May 2026. Hyundai's number 292.open — interim notice, remedy not yet available

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The VIN is on the listing. We’ll check this exact car — build, open recalls, and whether the “completed” repairs stayed fixed.